How does bend radius affect transmission

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What is the function of resorcinol in the seliwanoff's test? Loss issues are identified as either microbends or macrobends. Macrobends can be seen by the human eye, while microbends are microscopic deviations on the fiber axis. Sometimes, microbends occur easily when the fiber cable is rested on finger duct, basket trays, edges of any other nonconforming surface or transitions. The surfaces are less than the minimum radius required to properly support the fiber and the weight of the fiber pulls it down against the edge.

Prolonged microbending also can lead to micro-cracking of the glass core and cladding which then, over time, can cause the fiber to go dark and not pass any light. Compounding the problem, finding microbends is difficult and requires expensive test equipment. At the very least, jumpers must be cleaned or replaced until the condition is reversed.

With macrobends, the fiber exceeds its minimum bend radius either by transitioning across or around a surface that is less than the minimum radius for the fiber or when storing slack in a space, either vertically or horizontally and minimum bend radii are exceeded.

The image above shows the issues with a dirty end face on a connector; Back Reflection and Insertion Loss, resulting in a weak signal on the continuation of the transmission path.

The image above shows clean end face on the connectors and the transmission path has no issues and does not affect the network signal. Bend radius specifications are a measure of the tolerance of the wire or fibre cabling. The minimum bend radius refers to the lowest radius at which a cable can be bent. So a smaller bend radius means a cable is more flexible.

The bend diameter is equal to twice the bend radius. The radius specifications help to protect the integrity of transmissions. The fiber used for analog video CATV systems presents a special case. Here, receiver power level is critical to cost-effective operation and service quality, and bend radius violations can have different but equally dramatic effects. Click To Tweet. Analogue CATV systems are generally designed to optimize transmitter output power.

Due to carrier-to-noise-ratio CNR requirements, the receiver signal power level is controlled, normally to within a 2dB range. The goal is for the signal to have enough attenuation through the fiber network, including cable lengths, connectors, splices and splitters, so that no attenuators are needed at the receiver.

Having to attenuate the signal a large amount at the receiver means that the power is not being efficiently distributed to the nodes, and possibly more transmitters are being used than are necessary.

Since the power level at the receiver is more critical, any additional attenuation caused by bending effects can be detrimental to picture quality, potentially causing customers to be dissatisfied and switch to other vendors.

Since any unprotected bends are a potential point of failure, the fiber cable management system should provide bend radius protection at all points where a fiber cable makes a bend. Reduced network downtime due to fiber failures also reduces the operating cost of the network. Bending of singlemode fiber has everyone talking these days. The idea that you can bend a fiber around a pencil without a dramatic increase in attenuation is a concept that has everyone considering new fiber applications and design possibilities.

Today, industry standards for traditional singlemode jumpers typically specify a minimum bend radius of ten times the outside diameter of the jacketed cable or 1. This breed of flexible singlemode optical fiber has the potential to significantly reduce these minimum bend radius requirements to values as low as 0.